This study was conducted during summer and winter of 2018- 2019 in the agricultural research field of Shahid Chamran University. Experimental design was split- plot based on RCBD with three replications. The main plot was the type of agricultural system in three levels including conventional (Conv), organic (Org) and sustainable (Sust) (integrated between Conv and Org) and sup- plot was the type of pre- cultivated crop in sequence with wheat including cultivation of mung bean (M- W), corn (C- W), sesame (S- W) and fallow (F- W). Yield quantity (yield and its component) and quality (grain protein), an estimate of photosynthesis matter transfer index of wheat and soil organic carbon (SOC) after one double-cropping were measured. The result showed that the highest (545.04 g/m2) and the lowest (409.28 g/m2) seed yields were obtained in Conv and Org respectively. In contract, with the changing type of system from Conv to Org, grain protein was increased significantly (from 8.3 to 9.6 %). In addition, the highest (535.47 g/m2) yield of wheat was obtained from M- W double cropping. On the other hands the highest remobilization and current photosynthesis matter were obtained in the organic agricultural system with M- W and conventional with M- W double cropping. The situation of SOC showed that the highest (33.18 mg/g) SOC was obtained in the organic agricultural system with C- W double cropping. The reason for improving SOC in the organic and sustainable agricultural system was application of organic matter (compost and vermicompost) and crop residue management. Totally, from the crop ecology point of view, sustainable agricultural method with a sequence of M- W was the most desirable system.

Specialization as a result of modernism made remarkable developments in various scientific and intellectual fields which solved many complex problems in these areas. Beside this promotion, some difficulties arose which are not in the specialized fields of these sciences and they are not singly able to solve them, rather the cooperation and combination of the sciences and intellectual fields, made new inter-field scientific branches, helped to overcome the problems. Regarding urban planning as one of these branches didn't allow having an exact definition of it and every intellectual field, including economic, social and political aspects, opened about urban planning in line with their viewpoints. Due to this subject and considering the point that each of government systems in different economic, social and political fields has their own intellectual supports and beliefs, the authors believe that mentality of systems affects the urban planning along with construction and spatial organization of cities. Accordingly, the goal of this paper is to explain the role of government systems in redefinition of urban planning theory and consequently in spatial structure of city. The main question of this research is: what are the impacts of government system's beliefs in theoretical aspects of urban planning and how these beliefs can be found in the city as concrete and physical aspects? Then, to achieve the aim of this research, using the definition and position of urban planning theory in two liberal and social systems, spatial characteristics of socialist city and its differences with imperialist system city is contemplated. The research shows that the formation of city structure which is a result of urban planning process is affected by ideals inspired by intellectual lines of government systems.

In this study the possibility of using fuzzy inference system efficiency, creating a bridge between meteorological, plant parameters, and Daily Yield, and comparing the accuracy of Daily Yield using these systems were investigated. After analyzing the different models and different combinations of daily meteorological data, seven models for estimating daily Yield were presented. For these models, the calculated Yield from AQUACROP model was considered as a base and the efficiency of other models was evluated using statistical methods such as root mean squared error, error of the mean deviation, coefficient of determination, Jacovides (t) and Sabbagh et al. (R2/t) criteria. An experiment was carried out during the 2014-2015 growing season in the Agricultural Research and Education Center of Khorasane Razavi province using a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement and four replications. This experiment was including of three irrigation levels treatments as the main plot and three method of planting treatments (transplanting 20-days, transplanting 30-days and direct seeded) as subplots. From the available data, 75 percent was used for training the model and the rest of 25 percent was utilized for the testing purposes. The results derived from the fuzzy models with different input parameters as compared with AQUACROP model showed that fuzzy systems were very well able to estimate the daily Yield. Fuzzy model so that the highest correlation with the 9 input variables (r=0. 98) had in mind and evaluate other parameters, the model with 2 parameters, match very well with the AQUACROP model had stage training. In the test phase, training phase was very similar results and the model with the second phase of harvest index and canopy cover will get the best match. According to the results of this study it can be concluded that fuzzy model approach is an appropriate method to estimate the daily yield.

The Special Issue of the Journal of Information Technology Management (JITM) is publishing very selective papers on information management, technology in higher education, integrated systems, enterprise management, cultural thoughts, strategic contributions, management information systems, and cloud computing. We received numerous papers for this special issue but after an extensive peer-review process, 10 papers were finally selected for publication. The current special issue consisted of areas viz Integrated Intelligent Systems, Analytical Systems, and Enterprise Management.

The importance of sustainability development for developing countries and their tourism is a major issue. This study presents a new approach and framework for spatial modelling of tourism products potentials (TPP) in their sustainability evaluation. The approach was developed based on the GIS multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and its performance was evaluated for spatial TPP mapping in Tabriz city, Iran. To achieve this purpose, we recognized the main Components of Tourism Development indicators (CTDI) such as attractions, accommodation, services and infrastructures facilities to improving sustainable tourism, and determined their significance using the Geographic information systems (GIS). Furthermore, the uncertainty analyze was applied to diminish the inherent error in criteria weights. A GIS-based aggregation function was applied to discern the TPP map. Finally, the emphasis in this paper investigates the practical usage of GIS for the benefit of sustainable tourism development. In particular, it inquired the possible opportunities and challenges facing the adoption of GIS to assist sustainable tourism development. The purpose of this article is to map and explore existing and potential attractions, tourism services and facilities in Tabriz and to ensure that potential opportunities are available for all tourists to enjoy enjoyable experiences in order to reveal their diverse economic, social, political and cultural benefits. Build on the positive and negative aspects of their construction and present them with appropriate solutions for tourism development that lead to sustainable tourism development and infrastructure improvement.

Progressive collapse studies generally assess the performance of the structure under gravity and blast loads, while earthquakes may also lead to the progressive collapse of a damaged structure. In this study, the progressive collapse response of concentrically braced dual systems with steel moment-resisting frames was assessed under seismic loads through pushover analysis using triangular and uniform lateral load patterns. Two different bracing types (X and inverted V braces) were considered, and their performances were compared under different lateral load patterns using the nonlinear static alternate path method recommended in the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) guideline. Eventually, the seismic progressive collapse resistance of models was compared to their progressive collapse response under gravity loads. These studies showed that models under the seismic progressive collapse loads satisfied UFC acceptance criteria and limited rehabilitation objective. The structures had better performance under seismic progressive collapse than models under gravity loads because of more resistance, ductility, suitable load redistribution, and more structural elements that participated in load redistribution. Furthermore, despite studies on progressive collapse under gravity loads, the dual system with X braces showed better progressive collapse performance (more resistance, residual reserve strength ratio and ductility) under seismic loads than the model with inverted V braces.

In order to improve any phenomenon, one must identify its basic concepts and components, and then define a model in which the identified concepts and components interrelate and collectively define the given phenomenon. As for the concepts of intellectual capital and organizational learning, and the design of a comprehensive model, a group of 25 university professional who are experts in education was selected using the snowball method, was given a questionnaire which was constructed by the author and verified by the experts as adequately valid and reliable. The collected data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitate methods yielding a model that was eventually confirmed as appropriate by the experts. Furthermore, confirmative factor analysis of the data showed that they are well coordinated within a factorial structure. The model not only expands the two concepts, but identifies their dimensions as well. Given the validity, reliability, and the calculated variances were at an acceptable level, the model is considered as appropriate.

The purpose of this research is to present a comprehensive model of intellectual capital with an organizational learning approach as a model for the development of educational systems as the main question of the research, in other words, to identify the dimensions and components of intellectual capital and organizational learning in educational systems from the basic hypotheses. It is considered research. From the point of view of the nature and method of data collection, the current research is a descriptive-survey and a combined research strategy (qualitative and quantitative). The studied population were academic and professional education experts and sampling was done in a targeted manner and a total of 25 people were selected. After defining the topic and conducting exploratory and library studies, the dimensions and components of the variables were collected through the Delphi method and a researcher-made questionnaire, and based on qualitative statistical methods, the analysis was done by the software (Spss 22) and finally the fit of the model reached the consensus of the experts. Further, the confirmatory factor analysis of each of the research variables was performed by software (PLS 3). The findings of the research include the identification and introduction of dimensions related to intellectual capital with 21 components, the identification and introduction of dimensions of organizational learning with 12 components, and since the construction of common cross-validity, the composite reliability and the average variances extracted were at an acceptable level. , a suitable model was recognized in line with organizational goals and competitive advantage.

To estimate actual evapotranspiration of grass, an experiment was a weather stationat, the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 1389 year. In this experiment, actual evapotranspiration grass Deficit irrigation at different levels (5 levels) with a single branch sprinkler system, at two-day period was measure the water balance method. Also was estimated the reference crop evapotranspiration with FAO Penman, Hargreaves-Samani and pan evaporation methods. Coefficients calculated for each plant with water level and Five Fuzzy model was provided for estimating actual daily evapotranspiration. In these models was considered FAO Penman evapotranspiration as the output model. Performance models were compared using RMES, MAE, MBE, t and R2/t. The results showed that evapotranspiration values calculated in terms of standard methods of FAO Penman and Hargreaves - Samani, compared with the water balance method, respectively, 17 and 14 percent more than had been estimated. With analysis of evapotranspiration values in non-standard conditions were found to reduce grass Deficit irrigation is the actual evapotranspiration, The difference amounts to 20 percent evapotranspiration Deficit irrigation conditions was not a significant effect on evapotranspiration. Fuzzy model output results also showed that the fuzzy models developed using the combined model (PMF56) had a high Match and the ability to estimate actual evapotranspiration are included in the daily scale.